The Importance of Connecting Young People, School Geography and Future Careers in Secondary Education
Published 2026-04-09
Keywords
- geography education,
- professional geographers,
- career-oriented geography,
- localised curriculum
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2026 Emma Rawlings Smith, Chantal Mayo-Holloway, Grace Healy, Rob Jones

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Accepted 2026-04-04
Published 2026-04-09
Abstract
Schools and further education colleges worldwide are increasingly integrating career education into school subjects to raise career awareness, help young people develop the essential knowledge and skills needed to thrive in the workplace and support decision-making about their future education and work choices. Drawing on a mixed-methods study in a multi-academy trust in England, this article considers how geography teachers can meaningfully embed careers education into the school geography curriculum with the support of professional geographers and their real-world knowledge and skills. Findings from a survey (n=439) and interviews with geography teachers and students who visited a major infrastructure project as part of a school-industry partnership (n=22), indicate that immersive learning opportunities in the real-world can develop a deep understanding of contemporary geographical case studies and help young people to make connections between the geography curriculum and geography-oriented careers. The article concludes that school–industry partnerships can empower teachers to deliver high-quality geographical education by combining powerful (disciplinary) knowledge with contemporary real-world insights. These collaborations help young people develop the ability to think geographically, enabling them to better understand our changing world, make informed decisions about their future careers and have the opportunity to engage meaningfully with geography’s transformative potential.
Highlights:
- The geography curriculum is static, yet the world it seeks to explain is rapidly changing.
- This disconnect can limit students' ability to engage with contemporary geographies.
- School-industry partnerships help connect powerful knowledge with real-world insights.
Downloads
References
- Bocock, L., Scott, M., & Hillary, J. (2025). The Skills Imperative 2035: Creating a system of lifelong learning to provide the essential skills for tomorrow's workforce. National Foundation for Educational Research. Available at: https://www.nfer.ac.uk/publications/skills-imperative-2035-final-report/
- Béneker, T., & van der Vaart, R. (2020). The knowledge curve: combining types of knowledges leads to powerful thinking. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 29(3), 221-231, https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2020.1749755
- Boehm, R. G., Zadrozny, J., & Blanchard, D. (2024). The foundation and evolution of powerful geography in K-12 education: An introduction, in M. Solem, R.G. Boehm & J. Zadrozny (eds.) Powerful Geography: International perspectives and applications (pp. 1-30). Springer.
- Brace, S. (2024). Labour must put sustainability at the heart of its opportunity mission. Schools Week. Available at: https://schoolsweek.co.uk/labour-must-put-sustainability-at-the-heart-of-its-opportunity-mission/
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
- Cresswell, T. (2024). Geographic Thought: A Critical Introduction (2nd edn). Wiley.
- Department for Education (DfE) (2025a). Careers guidance and access for education and training providers. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/careers-guidance-provision-for-young-people-in-schools
- Department for Education (DfE) (2025b). Curriculum and Assessment Review Final Report. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/curriculum-and-assessment-review-final-report
- Department for Education (DfE) (2013). Geography National Curriculum. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/education/secondary-curriculum-key-stage-3-and-key-stage-4-gcses
- Gatsby (2024). Good career guidance: The next 10 years. London: The Gatsby Charitable Foundation. Available at: https://www.gatsbybenchmarks.org.uk/
- Healy, G. & Walshe, N. (2020). Real-world geographers and geography students using GIS: Relevance, everyday applications and the development of geographical knowledge. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 29(2), 178-196.
- Hesslewood, A. (2023). Teaching about geography careers: from intent to impact. Teaching Geography, 48(2), 61-3.
- HM Government (2024). Get Britain Working White Paper. HMSO. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/get-britain-working-white-paper/get-britain-working-white-paper
- HM Government (2023). Net Zero Growth Plan. HMSO. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/powering-up-britain
- Holloway, L., & Hubbard, P. (2014). People and Place: The Extraordinary Geographies of Everyday Life. Routledge.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Pörtner., H-O., Roberts, D..C., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E. S., Mintenbeck, K., Alegría, A., Craig, M., Langsdorf, S., Löschke, S., Möller, V., Okem, A., Rama, B. (Eds.). (2022). Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, contribution of working group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844
- Khanom, A., Carlisle, S., Nightingale, J., & Rawlings Smith, E. (2025). Improving visibility and access to green careers in Hampshire and the Solent. University of Southampton. Available at: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/publicpolicy/colif.page
- Kinniburgh, J. C. (2012). Australia: Inquiry with GIS to simulate coastal storm inundation. In A. J. Milson, A. Demirci, & J. J. Kerski (Eds.), International perspectives on teaching and learning with GIS in secondary schools (pp. 13–25). Springer.
- Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice Hall.
- Krause, U., Rawlings Smith, E., Nedbalova, R., He, X., He, J., Ito, N., Milaras, M., Yang, J., Hanus, M., & Béneker, T. (2025). The barriers and enablers of curriculum thinking and teacher agency in geography education: a multinational study. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2025.2466160
- Kwauk, C., & Casey, O. (2021). A new green learning agenda: Approaches to quality education for climate action. Centre for Universal Education at Brookings.
- Larsen, T. B., Solem, M., Zadrozny, J., & Boehm, R.G. (2021). Contextualizing powerful geographic knowledge in higher education: Data-driven curriculum design to interweave student aspirations with workforce applications. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 31(2), 139–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2021.1902622
- Liu, Y., Tan, G. C. I., & Xiang, X. (2012). Singapore: The information technology masterplan and the expansion of GIS for geography education. In A. J. Milson, A. Demirci, & J. J. Kerski (Eds.), International perspectives on teaching and learning with GIS in secondary schools (pp. 215–224). Springer.
- Maude, A. (2016). What might powerful geographical knowledge look like? Geography, 101(2), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/00167487.2016.12093987
- National Careers Service. (n.d.). Green Careers. Available at: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/careers-advice/green-careers
- Null, W. (2017). Curriculum: From theory to practice. Roman and Littlefield.
- Rawlings Smith, E., & Collins, G. (2024). Geographical knowledge and its application: connecting UK school geography, student interests and future careers, in M. Solem, R.G. Boehm & J. Zadrozny (eds.) Powerful Geography: International perspectives and applications (pp. 217-232). Springer.
- Rawlings Smith, E., & Pike, S. (Eds.). (2023). Encountering Ideas of Place in Education: Scholarship and Practice in Place-based Learning. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003386162
- Roberts, M. (2023). Powerful pedagogies for the school geography curriculum. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 32(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2022.2146840
- Sobel, D. (2004). Place-Based Education: Connecting Classrooms and Communities. The Orion Society.
- Solem M., Lambert, D., & Tani, S. (2013). GeoCapabilities: towards an international framework for researching the purpose and values of Geography education. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 3(3) 214–29. http://www.rigeo.org/vol3no3/RIGEO-V3-N3-1.pdf
- Simmonds, P., & Lally, C. (2024). Research Briefing: Green skills for education and employment. HM Government. Available at: https://post.parliament.uk/research-briefings/post-pn-0711/
- United Nations (UN). (2025). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025. United Nations. Available at: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2025
- Walshe, N., Sheldrake, R., Edwards, R. C., Wale, W., & Hargreaves, E. (2024). Climate change and sustainability education: A survey of students in England. University College London. Available at: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10195286/
- Young, M., & Muller, J. (2010). Three educational scenarios for the future: Lessons from the sociology of knowledge. European Journal of Education, 45(1), 11–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3435.2009.01413.x